holdemrulesreport

This this section does not include information on implied odds which are rather important but will be covered later.  Keep in mind that implied odds must also be learned and understood, especially in no limit cash games and no limit tournaments. However, by reading below you will understand the basics of pot odds, and be able to quickly figure out either at a live poker table or playing online your pot odds.

Some say poker is a game of luck, while others defend it as a sport. We say you can play poker as a game of luck and lose a lot of money, or apply your intellect to it and start reaping pots like never before. By applying the laws of probability to your poker game you will make more educated decisions and gain an indisputable edge over players who see poker as mere "gambling."

For those completely unfamiliar with odds, let's take this from the very top. Imagine a standard coin with the usual two sides: heads and tails. In terms of odds the chance of you tossing tails is "two to one" - spelled 2:1 - since there are TWO options available (heads and tails) and ONE way you can get your desired outcome (heads.) Piece of cake? Indeed! Now think of a standard 6-sided dice, and calculate the odds of throwing a 5. If you said 6 to 1 you were absolutely right! Now for a tad of math: if you want a percentage all you have to do is divide the small number by the large one and multiply by 100. In the case of the coin you have odds of 2:1, so divide 1 by 2 (calculator allowed) and you'll get 0.5. Multiply by 100 and you get 50, which means that odds are 50% that you'll toss heads. Use the same procedure for the die and you will get odds of 16.6% (or 17% if you're in a hurry.) Are you ready to advance to the next level?

Our thing is poker, so let's start talking about cards. If you have a well shuffled deck, what are the odds of picking the Ace of Spades? Well, since there is just one Ace of Spades out of a total of 52 cards, the odds are 52:1, or less than 2%. What about the odds of picking any Ace? Well, since there are 4 Aces in the deck the odds would be 52:4, but since odds always have to be "something to 1" what you do is divide the first number by the second to get 13:1. To get percentage odds you divide 4 by 52, which will give you 7.6% (8% is fine too.) And for one last example, what about the odds of picking any Spade? There are 13 Spades in total, so the odds are 52:13 - or rather, 4:1 - for a 25% chance.

In addition, I prefer to use ratio, as opposed to percentage while discussing pot odds because it's much easier to understand.  $10-$1 pot odds, and knowing you have read a one odds to make your hand.  It's just easier to compare and most of the poker pros think that way as well so you might as well get in the habit.

Let's summarize what we know so far: the odds of something happening are

THE TOTAL NUMBER OF OPTIONS YOU HAVE : THE NUMBER OF WAYS IT CAN HAPPEN

Now let's see how we can apply this powerful mathematical tool to poker!

Simple Hand odds:

Hand odds are the odds of making a hand in the flop, turn or river, to make the most of your hole cards. This can get complicated, so let's start with a very simple example: you have two spades in your hand, there are two more in the flop, and a flush would just make your day. What are the odds of that happening in the turn? Let's start by counting the remaining spades: since 4 are already out in plain view it follows that 9 must remain in the deck, so you have 9 "outs," which are the 9 ways in which you can complete your flush. Now let's count the number of cards that are still unseen: since you can see 5 cards (your hole cards and the flop) then 47 cards remain unseen, since you have a whole deck of 52 minus the 5 you can see. Now we can apply the Universal Formula of Odds we just learned, and get odds of 47:9, which any calculator will tell you equals 5.2:1, or a percentage of 19.1%. What if you did not catch your flush in the turn? Let's calculate it for the river: you have 9 outs, and now only 46 cards remain unseen (because you can see the turn card now) so the odds are now 5.1:1 or 19.6%.

In general, hand odds for the turn or river will be calculated like this:

NUMBER OF UNSEEN CARDS REMAINING : NUMBER OF OUTS

This is good for calculating odds a card at a time, but experts agree that if you want to go all-in you should only do it after considering the combined odds for both turn and river. How is this done? Unfortunately it is not as easy as the previous ones, but we will break it down for you, and teach you some tricks as well. But first, let's talk about outs.

Outs

Let's take the simplest scenario: you have a pocket pair, and you are hoping for a set. How many outs do you have? Well, if you are holding 2 Aces then it follows that 2 more remain unseen in the deck. You have 2 outs to hit that third Ace.